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Paranoia

What is paranoia?

Paranoia is thinking and feeling that you are under threat, even when there is little or no evidence that you are. You might believe people are watching you, talking about you, or trying to harm you.

Mild paranoid thoughts are common, especially when we are stressed, tired or anxious. They become a problem when they are persistent, very distressing, or start to affect daily life. Paranoia can be linked to anxiety, depression, trauma, lack of sleep, drug use (particularly cannabis, cocaine and amphetamines) and conditions such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.

What are the signs of paranoia?

1. Thoughts:

  • Believing others are deliberately trying to upset, exclude or harm you.
  • Thinking you are being watched, followed or talked about.
  • Reading hidden meanings into ordinary comments or events.
  • Finding it very hard to trust anyone.

2. Feelings:

  • Feeling constantly on guard, anxious or fearful.
  • Feeling isolated or misunderstood.
  • Anger at people you believe are against you.

3. Behaviour:

  • Avoiding people or places.
  • Checking things repeatedly, such as locks, phones or messages.
  • Arguing with or accusing colleagues, friends or family.

What are the statistics for paranoia in the UK?

Common thoughts: Research led by Oxford University suggests that paranoid thoughts are common in the general population, with a significant proportion of people regularly worrying that others are against them.

Linked factors: Poor sleep, stress, isolation and drug use all make paranoid thinking more likely.

Treatment: Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) can help people test and manage paranoid thoughts. Where paranoia is part of a condition such as psychosis, medication may also help.

Where to get help with paranoia UK?

Always call 999 if you are in need of urgent help. In England you can also call NHS 111 and select the mental health option.

Mind:
Website: https://www.mind.org.uk/
Infoline: 0300 123 3393

Rethink Mental Illness:
Advice line: 0808 801 0525

SANEline:
Helpline: 0300 304 7000

FRANK: If you think drugs may be playing a part, FRANK offers free, confidential advice.
Helpline: 0300 123 6600 (24/7)

Lighthouse Construction Industry Charity:
Helpline: 0345 605 1956 (24/7)

Samaritans:
Helpline: 116 123 (24/7, free to call)

Talking to your GP is a good first step. You can take someone you trust with you.

Conditions and diagnoses

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